Machine for treating hides or skins.



No. 70l,080. V Patented May 27, I902. F. J. PERKINS.

MACHINE FOR TREATING HIDES 0B SKINS.

(Application filed Mar. '7, 1902.) (No Mode 3 Sheets-Sheet I.

WITNESSES: INVENTOR.

Wmdm m y. M

ATTORNEY.

No. 70|,080. Patented May 27, I902.

F. J. PERKINS. MACHINE FOR TREATING IIIDES 0R SKINS.

(Application filed Mar. 7., 1902.)

(No Model.)

3 SheeIs-Sheet 2.

W] T NESSES [N VENT 0R. M Z 9- at .m'm I I l 0 WEI 1mm ATTORNEY.

No. 70I,080. Patented May 27, I902.

F. J. PERKINS. MACHINE FDR TREATING HIDES 0B SKINS.

(A xicmon filed mi. '7, 1902.)

3 Sheets-Sheet 3.

(No'ModaL) Nirnn STATES PATENT OFFlCE.

FRANKLIN J. PERKINS, OF WVOBURN, 'MASSACHUSETTS, ASSIGNOR TO VAUGHNMACHINE COMPANY, OF BOSTON, MASSACHUSETTS, A COR- PORATION OF WESTVIRGINIA.

MACHINE FOR TREATING HIDES OR SKINS.

SPLTGIFIGATION formingpart of Letters I atent No. 701,080, dated May 27,1902.

Application filed March '7, 1902.

Massachusetts, have invented an Improve ment in Machines for TreatingHides or- Skins, of which the following description,"in

connection with the accompanying drawings,

is a specification, like letters and numeralson the drawingsrepresenting like parts.

This invention relates to machines for treating hides, skins, andleather, and more particularly to machines of .thathlassin which thehide or skin is folded over one edgeofa substantially fiat support ortable.

The invention has for its object to provide a machine of the classreferred to with which the entire hide or skin on the table or sup portmay be most efficiently treated in a uniform manner without shifting-theskin on the table and without plaiting or otherwise injuring the skin.ploy one or more operating cylinders or rolls, provided with helicallyarranged blades,

vanes, or working edges, of a construction suitable for the particularwork'to be per-' formed by the machine and mount said operating rolls orcylinders in movable supports which are arranged with relation to thepath of movement of the table or support so that when in their normalposition the operating cylinders or rolls are in the path of movement ofthe table or support and in po sition to be engaged by the portion ofthe hide or skin on the end of said table or support. The operating rollor. cylinder is positively driven or rotated and is maintained in motionwhile its position withrelation to the table and to the hide or skinthereon is being changed. The positively-driven bladed roll or cylindermay and preferably will act not only on the portion of the hide or skinon the edge orend of the table orsupport, but also on the portion ofthehide or skin lying against the side of said table or support, withthe result that thislatter portion of the hide or skin is successfullytreated without plaiting or otherwise injuring the hide or skin at theshanks.

The machine is capable of use for unhair- For this purpose I em SerialNo. 97,099. (No model-l ing, fieshing, putting out, 850., and whileadapted for such uses it is particularly efficient forlputting out hidesand skins, in which operation it is desirable to remove or express allthe liquor from the skin.

In practice the hide or skin is laid overthe table, with the backboneportion lying on or overthe edge of the iable. This portion of the hideor skin is thicker than the sides, and in machines as heretoforeconstructed and knownio me for putting out the hide or skin withoutshifting the same it has been substantiallyimpossible to properlyexpress or. .work out the liquor from the thicker portion lying on theedge or end of the table and also to further workout the liquor from thepor: tion of the hide or skin lying against the face or side of thetable owing to the liability of the operating-toolleaving a streakacross the portion'of the skin lying against the side of the table ifthe said tool is removed from contact with; said portion of the skinbefore the whole side of the skin has been treated by said tool, and,further, because if the operating-tool isallowed to remain in contactwith and operate upon the whole side of the hide or skin the said toolwill form plaits or folds at the shank portions of the hide or skin,which plaits or folds necessitate further treatment of the hide or skinto remove them,and which in some hides or skins-such, for instance, aschrome-tanned skinsare exceedingly difficult and oftentimes impossibleto remove. These difficulties or objections are overcome in accordancewith this invention by means of the positively-driven cylinder or rollprovided with helically-arranged blades or working edges, which ismounted so that it not only can act on the backbone portion of the hideor skin lying on the edge of the table, but also can remainin engagementwith and operate upon the whole area of the side of the hide or skin;-without plaiting or folding the shank portions or otherwise injuriouslyacting on the hide or skin, with the result that the hide or-skin ismost effectively and uniformly treated.

The invention is herein shown as embodiedin one form of machine in whicha plurality of tables or supports are connected to an endless carrierand in,whicha pair of bladed cylinders or rolls,which may be designatedthe main operating-rolls, are disposed on opposite sides of the path ofmovement of the table to act on the sidesof the hide or skin lyingagainst the'opposite sides or faces of the table, while a pair ofsmaller-bladed cylso as to effectively work out this portion of the hideor'skin, the auxiliary set of rolls being rotated by power, as will bedescribed.

These and other features of this invention willjbe pointed out'in theclaims at the end of this specification.

Figure 1 is a rear elevation of a machine embodying this invention; Fig.2, a vertical section of the machine shown in Fig. 1, taken on the line2 2 and looking toward the right; Figs. 3 to 6, details to be referredto; and Fig. 7 a detail in elevation, to be referred to.

The machine herein shown. as embodying this invention comprises sideframes or uprights a b, between which are arranged tables or supports 0,herein shown as four in number, each of which is pivoted to endlesscarriers or link chains (1. The endless carriers orlink chains (1 arepassed about suitable sprocket-wheels -e f g, suitably mounted on theside frames ab and arranged in the present instance substantially in theform of a triangle, with the sprocket-wheels e g in a substantiallyvertical plane, so that the tables or movable supports travel upward ina substantially vertical path at the rear of the machine. Disposed onopposite sides of the vertical path of movement of the tables are twomain-operating cylinders or rolls h, provided with helically arrangedblades or-working edges 't',of any suitable construction,such as nowcommonly used for putting out, fleshing, unhairing, &;c. The :mainoperating rolls h are suitably supported to move toward and away fromthe path of movement of the table, and, as herein shown, each roll h issupported at its ends by hangers or arms 60,

mounted to swing ona pivot shaft or rod 61, supported by the side framesat b. Each roll h isheld in yielding engagement with the hide or skin asthe table passes between them by suitable means, shown as a spiralspring j, encircling a rod 62, (see Fig. 7,) which is inserted'through asuitable hole or slot in the end of thehanger and is pivotally securedto a side frame. The rod 62 is provided with a threaded portion, whichis engaged by nuts 63,

forminga stop to limitthe movement of the.

hanger or ar'm60'by the springs j, and thereby position the roll it withrelation tothe path of movement of the table. The tension or force ofthe spring j can, be regulated by means ofadjusting-nuts 7c. The mainoperating rolls or cylinders act on or treat the sides or portions ofthe hide or skin lying against the opposite sides of the table, and totreat or act on the portion of the hide or skin lying over or on thetable without shifting the hide or skin I have provided, as shown in thepresent instance two auxiliary rolls or cylinders m, provided withhelicallyarranged blades or working edges,and,in fact, similar in allrespects to the main operatingrolls, except as to size, the auxiliaryrolls being by preference of smaller diameter. The auxiliary rolls m arenormally supported in the path of movement of thetable or support, so asto be engaged by the portion of the skin lying on the end or edge oftheta ble, and when so engaged are forced or moved backward or laterallywithrelation to said table, so as to act upon or treat that portion ofthe hide or skin lying on the edge of the table. The action of theauxiliary operating-roll is rendered most effective by rotating saidroll by power while permitting it to be moved laterally with relation tothe table, and this may be accomplished by mechanism, as herein shown'and as will now be described. Each auxiliary operating-roll m is fast ona shaft 7, journaled in cranks or arms 8 of hubs or sleeves 9, looselymounted on a shaft 10 and extended through-and supported by suitableboxes 11, attached to the side frames 0. b. The shaft 7 of the auxiliaryroll m has fast on it a pinion or gear 12, (see Figs. 3 and 4,) whichmeshes with an inter mediate gear or pinion 13, loose on astud or pin14., carried by one of the cranks'or arms 8,

'the said intermediate pinion being rotated -by a pinion or gear 15,rendered fast on the I shaft 10, which may be accomplished, as

shown, by means of a pin 16, extended through the hub 17 of the gearorpinion 15. (See Figs. 3 and t.) The gearing referred to may andpreferably will be inclosed by a casing or cover 20, secured to thecrank or arm 8. 1

The shaft 10 is rotated by power and may be driven, as shown, from amain operatingroll hin any suitable manner, as by a link chain 21, (seeFig. -1,) andv the main operating-rolls hmay be driven from a main shaft22 and counter-shaft 23 (see Figs. 1 and 2) by link chains 24 25, thecounter-shaft 23 being driven from the main shaft 22 by suitable gears26 27. The endless carrier (1, as herein shown, is driven from the shaft23 by a link chain 30, passed about a sprocket-wheel 31 on a shaft'32,supported in bearings at the upper end of the side frames and providedat its opposite ends with pinions 33, which mesh with gears 34: on theshafts of the sprocketwheels 6.

The auxiliary operating rolls or cylinders m are held in engagement withthe hide or skin on the table or supportwith a yielding and adjustablepressure, and for this purpose preferablyeach hub or sleeve 9 is pro-Vided with a crank orarm 35, to which is pivotally connected one end'ofa rod 36, which has its other and extended through a movable guide 87,pivotally secured in a side frame, (see Figs. 5, 6, and 7 the said rodbeing encircled by a spiral spring 38, which is seated at one end in acup-shaped washer 39 and at its other end bears against a washer 40,which is adj ustably secured on the rod 36 by a set-screw 41 or in anyother suitable manner. The spring 38 is compressed as the rollcarryingcrank or arm 8 is moved by the ta ble or support from its normalposition su.b-'

stantially at right angles to the path of move ment of the table to aposition substantially parallel with said path of movement, and the saidspring assists to return the roll-carrying arm back intoits normalposition. The return movement of the roll is retarded or regu lated, soas to avoid shocks, as herein shown, by means of a dash-pot, thecylinder 42 of which is suitably secured to the framework of the machineand the piston 43 of which is provided with a piston-rod 44, pivoted atone end to the piston 43 and at its other end to a crank or arm 45,extended from the hub'9, as herein shown, substantially diametricallyopposite to the crank 35. The cylinder 42 is provided, as shown, withpetcock 47, controlling the admission and exit of air into and from saidcylinder. By reference to Fig. 2 it will be seen that when theoperating-roll m is moved from its normal position (represented by theupper roll in Fig. 2) to that substantially at right angles thereto, asrepresented by the lower roll m in said figure, air is drawn into thecylinders 42, which cushions the return movement of the roll into itsnormal position.

In operation with the machine herein shown a hide or skin is'placed overthe table or support at the front of the machine,with the backbone ofthe hide or skin lying over the upper end 'or edge of the table, whichlatter is carried backward toward the rear of the machine and thenupward, as clearly represented in Fig. 2. The hide or skin lying on thetable or support on its movement in a'vertical path in the machineherein shown is first presented to the action of the main operatingrolls or cylinders h, which put out or otherwise treat the sides of thehide or skin lying against the opposite faces of the table. The table'onits upward travel engagesthe lowermost of the auxiliary rolls m, which,as above stated, projects across the path of movement of the table andwhich is turned backward and upward by the table. While the auxiliaryroll m'is in engagement with the hide or skin outhe table, the said rollis positively rotated and puts out, unhairs, or otherwise treats thatportion of the hide or skin lying on the end or edge of the table andwhich is not acted upon by the main operating-rolls. As soon as theupper edge of the table has passed beyond the lowermost auxiliary rollit engages the uppermost auxiliary roll on and forces it upward andbackward in an opposite direction, which latter roll in its turn acts toput out, unhair, or otherwise treat the portion of the skin lying overthe edge of the table. When the auxiliary rolls have been moved into aplane substantially parallel with the path of movement of the table, thepressure of the springs 38 has been increased, so that the'pressure ofthe auxiliary rolls upon the hide or skin lying against the oppositesides of the table is substantially equal to the pressure of theauxiliary roll upon that portion of the hide or skin lying over the edgeof the table when the auxiliary roll is in its starting or normalposition, the weight of the roll in this latter instance compensatingfor the loss of power or pressure in the spring. The auxiliaryoperating-rolls m during the movement of the tableby or past them mayand preferably'will remain in contact with the sides of the hideor'skin, and having blades or working edges which are helically arrangedsimilar to the blades of the main operating-rolls the said auxiliaryrolls put out, unhair, or otherwise treat the sides of the hide or skinwithout danger of plaiting, folding, or otherwise injuriously actingupon the shank portions of the hide or skin, which is an importantfeature practically. t

I prefer to have the auxiliary operatingrolls act upon the sides of theskin as well as that portion'which lies over the end or edge of thetable, as in this case danger of a dark streak being left in the sidesof the hide or skin when the latter is put out is avoided.

\Vhen the machine herein shown is em ployed for the purpose of puttingout the hide or skin, a superior result isobtained at the thickerportion or backbone of the hide or skin lying over the edge of thetable, due to the action of the bladed cylinder or roll,which ispositively rotated, while at the same time it is moved laterally withrelation to the'path of movement of the table, a result which is notobtained by the mere dragging or wiping of a non-rotatable surface overthe edge of the table after the manner shown and described in anotherapplication, Serial No. 93,126, filed by me February 8, 1902.

I do not in'this application claim, broadly, the idea of working oroperating upon that portion of the hide or skin lying over the edge ofthe table by means of a suitable tool and without shifting the skin onthe table, as the same forms the subject-matter of my application,Serial No. 93,126, filedFebruary 8, 1902.

Having herein shown one embodiment of this inventionwhich 'I may prefer,I do" not desire to limit my invention to the particular constructionshown.

1. A machine of'the character described, comprising a substantially fiatsupport over the end of which a hide or skinmay'be folded to lie againstthe face of the support, anop- IIO erating-roll normally in the path ofmovement of the said tableor support and adapted to act upon thatportion of the skin which lies on the end of the support withoutshifting the said skin and for treating the portion of the skin lying onthe side of the support, instrumentalities for making the said supportand the said roll relatively movable, and means for rotating said rollwhile the latter is in engagement with the hide or skin.

. with the hide or skin with a yielding pressure,

and means for rotating said roll, substantially as described.

3. A machine of the character described, comprising a movable worksupport over which the hide or skin is folded, means for moving saidsupport, a rotatable member provided with helically-arranged workingedges located in the path of movement of said support for treating thatportion of the hide or skin which lies on the end of the support and fortreating that portion of the hide or skin lying against the side of thesupport without shifting the skin and without plaiting the shankportions of the skin, and means for operating said roll, by power, whileit is in engagement with said hide or skin.

4. A machine of the character described, comprising a work-snpporthaving two substantially flat faces, whereby a hide or skin may befolded about the end of the support to lie against said fiat faces, andmeans for treating the entire exposed area of said hide or skin, saidmeans including power-driven rotatable rolls havinghelically-disposedworking edges located with relation to said sup-. port to engage andact'on the portion of the hide or skin folded about the end of thesupport, substantially as described.

5. A machine of the character described, comprising a traveling support,rotatable rolls normally intersecting the path of movement of saidwork-support in diflferent planes at an angle to the path of movement ofsaid support and provided with helically-disposed working edges, saidrolls being movable in opposite directions out of the path of movementof said support, and means for rotating said rolls during the movementof the same with relation to the said support, substantially asdescribed.

6. A machine of the character described, comprising a movablework-support over which a hide, or skin is adapted to be folded, arotatable roll having peripheral working tended laterally with relationto the path of movement of said work-support and supporting said roll inposition to act on the portion of the hide or skinfolded over the edgeof the work-support, gearing for rotating said roll movable with thecranks or arms, and means for driving said gearing.

7. A machine of the character described, comprising a movablework-support over which a hide or skin is adapted to be folded, meansfor moving said support, a rotatable working member located in the pathof movement of the said support to act on the portion of the hide orskin lying on the edge of the support, pivotally-mounted supports forsaid rotatable working member, means movable with said pivotally-mountedsupports for rotating said working member, and means for engaging saidworking member with the hide or skin with a yielding pressure.

8. A machine of the character described, comprising a movable worksupport over which a hide or skin is adapted to be folded, a rotatableroll provided with helically-arranged working edges, cranks or armssupporting said roll and pivotally mounted to move in the arc of acircle which intersects the path of movement of the work-support,gearing movable with said cranks or arms for rotating said roll, aspring to hold the operating-roll in engagement with the hide or skinwith a yielding pressure, a'rod on which said spring is placed, andapivotally-mounted guide for said rod.

9. A machine of the character described, comprising a movable worksupport over which a hide or skin is adapted to be folded, mainoperating cylinders or rolls to act on the sides of the hide or skin,means for rotating said cylinders or rolls, auxiliary operatingcylinders or rolls for operating on the portion of the hide or skinlying on the edge or end of the table, supports for said auxiliarycylinders or rolls movable laterally with relation to the path ofmovement of said worksupport, and mechanism for rotating said auxiliaryrolls movable with the supports therefor.

10. A machine of the character described, comprising a movable worksupport over which the hide or skin is adapted to be folded, a rotatableroll to act on the portion of the hide or skin on the edge or end of thetable, pivotally-mounted hubs having cranks or arms which support saidroll, mechanism movable with said cranks or arms for rotating said roll,means for holding the said roll in engagement with the hide or skin witha yielding pressure, and means for retarding the I movement of the saidroll into the path of movement of said work-support.

11. A machine of the character described,

comprising a movable work-support over IIC pivotally-monnted hubs 9having cranks or arms which support said r011, gearing movable with saidcranks or arms for rotating, said roll, a Second set of cranks 35, 45extended from said hubs, a rod pivotally connected with the crank 35, apivotaily-niounted guide into which the free end of said rod isextended, a spring encircling said rod, a dash-pot provided with apiston, and a pist0n-rod pivotally connected with said piston IO andwith the crank 45.

In testimony whereof I have signed my name to this specification in thepresence of two subscribing Witnesses.

FRANKLIN J. PERKINS.

Witnesses:

CHARLES H. SYMoNDs, BENJ. G. HALL.

